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The current systems representing the solar and lunar daily variations (
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MT measured in Great Wall Station area shows that the electrical conductivity major axis of the Wind Valley Fault is 110°NE and the crustal thickness in the Fildes Peninsula is about 22.3 km. The crust contains four main resistivity layers with their thicknesses being 1.3 km, 6.7 km, 1.2 km and 13.1 km respectively. The upper crustal thickness is 9.2 km and the lower crustal thickness is 13.1 km.
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Since Changes of cardiac function, el ectroencephalogram findings, immune responses as well as the personality of the Antarctic expedition members had been reported by our group, the underlying contribution of behavior and physiological changeS would be further studied in this time. Samples were taken, under standardized procedures, on the same individual at different time such as (A) before leaving to Antarctica(B) 2 weeks after arrival at Great Wall Saution(C) 12. 5 months after arrival(D) after returning back to Beijing for a break(summer-over memos) (E)after returning back to Dening for a long break(winter-over member).
Results showed that a Prominent increase of urinary Noradrenaline(NE) in Antarctica(B) decreased at(C), and retUrned to the normal range in comparison with(A) and(D). The increase Of urinary Adrenaline was even greater than that of NE at Antarctica(B). It indicated that an rather early response in activation of sylnpothetic system, especially the adrenal glands, gradually lowered down as time went on.
Plasma and urinary cortisol also inereased significantly at Antarctica(B), but sustained for a long time even after returning back to Beijing. Both parameters are closely related to stress syndrome.
Plasma Tryptophan decreased significantly at Antarctica (B). Some even sustained after retUrning to Beijing(E). Whether or not, such changes might correlated to the change of 5-HT metabolism in brain, in turn to show some effeCt on psychoological or mental disturbances, which should be carefully evaluated.
Serum MDA, the perokidation product, increasing together with the findings of decreased RBC SOD activity, the scanvengrr for O2-, and increased plasma glucuronidase, the lysozyme release from damage of lysosome membrane, strongly indicated the presence of cellular damage by increasing O2- production and membrase perokidation and with damage Of lysosome unduly. Severe cold and extensive ultraviolet expeure should be considered carefully.
The significances of the above findings were discussed and the possible preventive or therapeutic measures have ben suggested. Since the destruction of the ozonelayer might increase the extent of ultraviolet radiation, it is worth to further investigate the biological damage effect of ultraviolet in Antarctica.
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Eysenck Personality Questionaire (EPQ), Behavior Pattern Questionaire (BPQ) and Social Responses Questionaire (SPQ) were used to survey the psychological character changes on some members at Zhongshan Station in Antarctica in winter. We also observed changes on memory by using visual memory span. In addition, we measured indirectly the changes on their higher nervous activity flexibility by Drawing Test. The questionaires yield the following results: (1) No statistical significance was found in the score of three factions of EPQ, but significant changes happened in a few cases. (2) The score of EPQ of type A had a tendency to drop. (3) Subjects had the tendency to turn to external control on their Locus of Control.
Different from the members' subjective feelings, memory test showed no significant change. The flexibility of higher nervous system activity declined temporarily during polar nights, and returned rapidly to normal level when this period passed. In summary, the results of questionaires and tests prove to be helpful for winter members to be adapted to the Antarctic natural and social environment. It is the first time that mental activities of our winter members were tested. Relevant research is continuing.
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Ice and snow dominat the land features in Antarctica. The great brightness and poorcontrast of ice and snow and streaking noise in satellite image make the procedure of image processing difficult. On the other hand however, the contrast between bare rock land/sea water and ice/snow is so high that the details of image will be overcompressed.
In the light of characteristics of satellite image in Antarctica, a filtering to remove streaking noise has been discussed. Based on automatic identify classification to enhance the details of objects and the method and theory of digital rectification of satellite image with ground control points measured from field survey are also presented.
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This paper is manily to treat the change regularity of the contens, distributions, enrich coefficients and correlative coefficients of some trace and constant elements in the sediments of Late Quaternary rock core from Yanwo Lake in the Great Wall Station area, King George Island and to discuss the sedimentary sources in Yanwo Lake and the periodical changes of Late Quaternary climate and the environment in the area. It is concluded that the clastic sedimentary rocks, including volcanic sedimentary rocks, around Yanwo Lake are the major sources of Yanwo Lake sediments; the mantle material is also one of its sources and what is more, the continent-sourced materials are transported by the Antarctic glacier.
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During 1991/1992 Chinese Antarctic Expedition, a full-year glacial investigations on the small dome of Collins Ice Cap were carried out, the data from investigations showed that vertical temperature gradients on small dome were about 0.79℃/100 m and 0.66℃/100 m in the summer and in the winter separately. Lower summer temperature in this area is one of most important conditions for glacial development. In 1991/1992 the small dome was a weak positive balance year with a mass balance difference of 163 mm, annual ELA was 140 m, mass balance gradient was 8.4 mm/m and mass balance level was 928 mm. Mass balance fluctuations on small dome in 1971-1992 were calculated by a new method, the results revealed that the small dome of Collins Ice Cap was relatively stable over 21 years.
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Through pseudoinverse inference of the circulation in Prydz Bay and its adjacent open ocean during January to March 1981, and comparing the results with that of 1991, we find that when the polar easterly hence the east wind drift is strong and extends its influence north of the slope, it is difficult for the Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) to upweU onto the shelf, and consequently the Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) cannot form in the bay by way of mixing scheme of
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